Spatial Variability of Ground Water Quality in ...

Groundwater is one of the major sources of water in arid and semi -arid regions. Groundwater quality data and its spatial distribution are important for the purpose of planning and management. Geo-statistical methods are one of the most advanced techniques for interpolation of groundwater quality. In this study, kriging methods were used for predicting spatial distribution of some groundwater quality parameters such as: Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, TDS, EC, Fˉ, HCO3ˉ, NO3ˉ, Clˉ, SO42ˉand PO42ˉ. Data were collected from 13 wells in Mathura district (Uttar Pradesh, India). After normalization of data, semi-variogram was drawn. For selecting suitable model for fitness on experimental semi-variogram, residual sum of squares (RSS) value was used. Use of geo-statistics (i.e., kriging) on our well sampling results provided valuable insight on the nature of the spatial and temporal variability of groundwater quality parameters. In analysis, found high values of NO3ˉ (=104.77 mg/l), K+ (=141.51 mg/l), PO4ˉ2 (=2.99 mg/l) and high Fˉ value with a maximum of 4.6 mg/l (at Shahpur) are observed in ground water samples.